Since upgrading to Windows 11, I've been pleased to discover that the seconds are no longer displayed in the taskbar at the bottom of the screen. However, they can be displayed again.
To display them again, right-click on the time and choose "Set date and time"

Expand the "Show time and date in system tray" option with the arrow to the right of the section, and check the box "Show seconds on system tray clock (uses more power)"

And there you have it, the seconds are back in the system tray. All that's left to do is close the settings window.